The north: Hanoi, Ha Long Bay, Sa Pa and Ha Giang
Hanoi is the capital and the usual starting point. Its Old Quarter is a maze of 36 historic streets, each traditionally tied to a craft or trade, around Hoan Kiem Lake and the red Huc Bridge to Ngoc Son Temple. The Temple of Literature, built in 1070, was Vietnam's first national university.
Ha Long Bay, a UNESCO-listed bay of thousands of limestone islands and islets, is about two and a half hours from Hanoi by expressway; cruises leave from Tuan Chau and Bai Chay.
In the mountains, Sa Pa overlooks a valley of centuries-old rice terraces, with Fansipan (3,143m) above it. Further north-east, the Ha Giang highlands (since 2025 part of Tuyen Quang province, an official frontier area) take in the Dong Van Karst Plateau Geopark and the Ma Pi Leng road above the Nho Que River, about six to seven hours from Hanoi by road.